Chinas hukou system was introduced in 1958 as a modern means of population registration. In its current version, the Hukou fulfills three main functions: the control of internal migration, the management of social protection, and the preservation of social stability.

What does hukou mean in China?

Hukou (Chinese: 户口; lit. household individual) is a system of household registration used in mainland China. The system itself is more properly called huji (Chinese: 户籍; lit.

How do you get the Chinese hukou?

Individuals who obtain a residence permit and keep it active for at least seven years may be eligible for a Shanghai hukou. They must meet additional eligibility criteria, including: A record of completing seven years of payments for urban social insurance during the period they held the residence permit.

What is hukou and how has this impacted Chinas floating population?

Resolving hukou issues for Chinas large “floating population” In China, the hukou is an important administrative tool for the government to control internal migration. Hukou is closely linked to access to many social welfare benefits in a specific city, including education, healthcare, and retirement pensions.

Can foreigners get a hukou?

You Can Get Green Card, You Kid Can Get Hukou Your kids, as Chinese citizens, can attend public schools. However, if you have a Chinese green card, they are considered as having hukou in the city in which you live. Some might look at the issue of visa from a different perspective.

How does the hukou system affect people?

Since hukou restricts the free mobility of Chinese workers, it strains overall economic growth. These effects are exacerbated because China has a shrinking workforce that peaked in 2011 and has decreased every year since then, leading to double-digit growth in labor costs.

Does China still have hukou?

This means that while more than half of the Chinese population now lives in cities, only 35% of city dwellers have an urban hukou. The majority of inhabitants in the cities are therefore lacking the full social protections possessed by many of their peers.

Is the hukou system still exist?

The surprise is that the hukou system still exists today despite the stunning changes that have taken place in China over the past few decades. Some migratory controls were lifted in the late 1970s, in response to a demand for cheap labor in urban factories, but the basic structure remains intact.

How did the hukou system change the economy?

Since the Chinese economic reform, the Hukou system has changed to manage and control population flow by dividing the population into Resident Population (urban Hukou permanent resident), the Temporary Resident Population (non-urban Hukou for short-term residents), and the Temporary Resident for Working Population (non

What is the floating population China?

China implemented the household registration system in the late 1950s as a means to prevent and control rural to urban migration. In this paper, we define floating population as people who are residing in a location that is different from their place of household registration.

Can a foreigner become a Chinese citizen?

The Nationality Law of the Peoples Republic of China allows foreigners to try to become naturalized citizens if they have relatives who Chinese citizens, have settled in China, or “have other legitimate reasons.” According to the CIA World Factbook; while naturalization is possible, it is extremely difficult.

What is your nationality if you were born in Hong Kong?

If we refer to Wikipedia: “Hong Kong people (Chinese: 香港人), also known as Hong Kongers or Hong Kongese, are people who originate from or live in Hong Kong”. The immigration department of Hong Kong states a Chinese citizen” is a person of Chinese nationality under the CNL (Peoples Republic of China).

Who ruled China?

1949: Peoples Republic of China - After a violent end stage to the civil war, the Communist Party declared the Peoples Republic of China. Two months later, two million soldiers followed Chiang Kai-shek into exile to Taiwan where he set up a provisional government claiming to be the legitimate ruling body of China.

Who does the hukou system benefit?

The urban population has benefited from the Hukou system throughout the history of early China. By the middle of the 20th century, however, particularly during the Great Famine, those with rural Hukous were grouped into communal farms.

What is guanxi in Chinese business?

The Chinese call this guanxi (关系). Guanxi refers to having personal trust and a strong relationship with someone, and can involve moral obligations and exchanging favours. Guanxi is often translated as “connections”, “relationships” or “networks”.

Does China have a social credit system?

There are multiple social credit systems in China. This system is regulated by Peoples Bank of China financial credit-rating system, and commercial credit-rating system. Government trustworthiness system (Chinese: 政务诚信体系) Evaluation system targeting civil servants and government institutions.

Why did the Chinese leave China?

The mass emigration, which occurred from the 19th century to 1949, was mainly caused by corruption, starvation, and war in mainland China, and economic opportunities abroad such as the California gold rush in 1849.

Who are called floating population?

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Floating population is a terminology used to describe a group of people who reside in a given population for a certain amount of time and for various reasons, but are not generally considered part of the official census count.